Health Policy Advocate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health Policy Advocate - Essay Example ices that are most effective and efficient, restoring more volunteerism to the health care sector, empowering community rating and no-fault health care insurance with tiered premium systems insured facing continuing high-risk behavior, practice labor substitution for those process steps that can be made routine, increasing the supply of health care provider to levels available to everyone in the society, empowering primary care providers to control utilization and self-referral and increasing use of information technology to avoid waste and medical error (McLaughlin, 375-388). When advocate follow above levers and apply them to improve health care, there is a possibility of a positive direction towards achieving a universal health coverage that is efficient and effective. Having affordable health care services as the fulcrum of an advocate goal to improve health policy, health insurance acts as the most appropriate measure because it insurers health care consumers from any economic consequences. High cost of health care has been the main hindrance to patients accessing effective medication since many people in the society are low-income earners. It will provide solution to the opaque of information on quality and price by providing relevant information for effective heath care to the hands of the consuming public. As advocate, at some point we will have achieved a health system policy that improves patient-physician relationship that reaches an appropriate balance between industrialization and professionalism (McLaughlin,

Reflective analysis of counselling practice task Essay

Reflective analysis of counselling practice task - Essay Example Such behaviour annoyed her sister, and they were not in good terms since then. My aim in this counselling session was to assist the client never to be such emotional and depressed. In this context, I was to get the real cause of the depression and emotional that appeared on my client’s face to help me effectively counsel the client. However, I realised I was so inconsistent with the client-centred theory as the client was willing to talk and share a lot with me but the best I offered was a mere hug. For example, I kept on saying ‘Mhhh’ instead of inquiring and looking for best strategies counsel my client by showing empathy and congruence. I terribly failed to assist my client. I was so inconsistent and asked questions out of the client-centred theory such as whether she was still willing to talk to her sister who was unhelpful. I realised that the emotional degree in the client shuttered my session and could never appreciate the congruence and empathy as outlined by the client-centred theory. In my session, I failed to be driven by the three key pillars of client-centred theory as empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruence. I never appreciated the fact that every individual has internal resources necessary for the growth and, therefore, my person-centred counselling approach would have helped me provide the three mentioned pillars that help realised such stated growth. In mind, throughout the session I failed to appreciate the principle view of person-centred approach to counselling that an individual client is perceived as there own best authority on the experience as well as it perceives the client, the client in this case as being fully capable of fulfilling her own potential for growth. Rodgers says, ‘If am truly open to the way life is experienced by another person†¦. If I can take his other world into mine, then I risk seeing life in his or her way†¦ and of being

Markets and customers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Markets and customers - Essay Example promotion consists of the advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and sales efforts designed to build demands and awareness of the product or service. (Cheverton, 2004) Though these elements are independent contributing to various strategies that can be developed from each P, it can be also said that, the variables are dependent or at least there is a common factor which is dependent on all these variables which is sales volume. This paper consists of some arguments put in favour of and against the dependency of marketing mix variables. Marketing takes care of the delivery of the product to the customers taking care of their needs as well as the organisations needs. Marketing mix can be explained as the different tactics adopted by a marketer to make the product more appealing to the customers. This involves certain critical decisions. Some of the examples are decisions regarding the products that should be offered for sale, price of the product, markets where products may sell and the means of communication with the consumer for the sale of the product. (Goi, 2009) Different weightings can be given to different elements leading to a better offer that attracts the customers of various styles. Now owing to the increased importance of marketing, these 4P’s have been transformed into 7P’s which are product, positioning, people, packaging, place, promotion and price, whose vivid combinations would determine the success of the product or the service. (Hisrich, 2000) For example, marketing mix can be compared to the ingredients of a cake, and the final outcome is the sum total of all the ingredients put into it. Depending on the kind of strategy adopted the combinations of marketing mixes will also vary as the main ingredient changes in accordance with the cake that is being manufactured. The combination is decided by many factors which are the marketing objectives of business, the access to finance, changes in technology, the feedback from marketing

Global Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Global Marketing - Essay Example According to Hall (1977) in addition to learned nature of culture, anthropologists consider that all cultural aspects are interlinked and within a culture different groups share the same culture that distinguishes these groups as well. Therefore, change in one feature influences the other aspects of the culture in either direct or indirect way (p.16). Contrary to common belief, culture is more than art, music or literature when it comes to marketing on global level. It’s a major source of influence on activity in the marketplace. According to Keegan(2002) culture is defined as â€Å"ways of living† by anthropologists and sociologists. These particular ways are formed by group of individuals and pass from one generation to another. These ways of living are inaction in form of social, educational, business and religious institutions. Culture is not one time solution but a combination of conscious and unconscious set of ideas, beliefs, attitudes and symbols that form collective human behavior (pp.94-5). Culture is a complex and intriguing component of international business environment. Appropriate knowledge of cultural dimensions plays a crucial role in product development, promotion, human resource management, business negotiations and management of socio-political environment. One of the major problems is the implicit nature of cultural features. Cultural variables prove to be troublesome for multinationals with insufficient homework as their managers fail to realize the variance that leads to serious blunders (Cherunilam, 2007, p.75). Cherunilam(2007) further explains that in order to craft just the right strategies for potential customers in a certain culture, it is inevitable for marketers to understand their cultures. Some products and services are accepted in one culture while others reject them. It is crucial to modify the products

Art History Comparison of Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dali and Research Paper

Art History Comparison of Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dali and Better Homes, Better Gardens by Kerry James Marshall - Research Paper Example For many artists, the inspiration for their works stems from the things that they know or have experience with.   Salvador Dali included the cliffs of his beloved Catalan Coast in many of his paintings, including his most notorious â€Å"Persistence of Memory†, not only because they were a landscape feature he was intimately familiar with, but also because they helped to represent the duality of meaning he wished to convey in his artwork.   In a similar way, the African-American artist Kerry James Marshall has worked to include his own experience and background into his paintings in such a way that they work to provide a meaningful background to his subjects, adding subtleties of meaning to the overall work that helps to portray his idea of what the painting is attempting to say.  In both works of art, the background plays a large role in establishing the meaning of the work. Although the Catalan cliffs might not have the same impact on an uninformed viewer than they wou ld have on someone who is intimately familiar with the changing faces of these cliffs as the sunlight plays across their face, they nevertheless add a nuance of meaning to â€Å"Persistence of Memory† that might otherwise be lost, especially for individuals who have seen them first-hand or know anything about the background of the artist. For Dali, the cliffs of the background represented the physical equivalent of his â€Å"principle of paranoiac metamorphosis.† Dali is quoted as saying â€Å"All the images capable of being suggested by the complexity of their innumerable irregularities appear successively and by turn as you change your position. This was so objectifiable that the fishermen of the region had since time immemorial baptized each of these imposing conglomerations – the camel, the eagle, the anvil, the monk, the dead woman, the lion’s head. [†¦] I discovered in this perpetual disguise the profound meaning of that modesty of nature whic h Heraclitus referred to in his enigmatic phrase ‘Nature likes to conceal herself.’† (Descharnes & Neret 1994 p. 171).

Alloparenting Essay Example for Free

Alloparenting Essay As an expression of a mother-infant bond, many different species learn to raise their young together or for the other family member, which is known as alloparenting. This bond allows for multiple influences on the infant, the mother, and the group as a whole. These influences are advantages in many ways, one if the mother perishes the infant stands a better chance of being taken on by another member of the family, two if the mother is needed to go out and find food or water, the child will be able to stay with someone until she returns, and three young females who keep other infants have a chance to further their own future parenting skills. The idea of alloparenting can be seen in many societies, but mainly in primates. . In the case of primates, where individuals other than the birth parents help raise, nurture, and in general interact with is called alloparenting. One of the many benefits of living in social groups is the ability to reach out to other family and friends in a time of need. It helps us bond together and form long lasting relationships with one another. This connection built is crucial to the development of expressive and receptive behavior. The idea of helping one another is both needed and to some degree expected. In most cases the people around you are more than willing to give a helping hand, in other cases they may not have the option but to take on a new member to their family. This could be seen as foster care, babysitting, child care, or even as family time. When a mother gives birth to an infant, the hope is the baby will live a long and healthy life. In the case of the mother not making it after child birth, someone will take over the child and raise it as their own. This, in the primate world, is considered an â€Å"aunt†, and would replace the role of the maternal needs for the child. If for some reason the mother has to leave the group, either for banishment or to find food for the others, the infant may be taken care of by an alloparent until the mother returns or the remainder of the infant’s life. One of the most crucial parts of alloparenting is the chance for younger generations of females to gain a better understanding of the role of motherhood. This allows them to be trained earlier on in life and have a better foundation for when they have infants of their own. The benefits of alloparenting can be seen for generations and show how dedicated primates are to what they understand to be family. Primates know instinctively their survival depends on the survival of the offspring being born and raised to a mature age. The foundation built for the infants is the key to future knowledge and understanding of their way of life. In short, alloparenting has been working for many generations in many groups of life. The idea of training young generations of soon to be moms and preparing them for the road ahead is something maybe more groups should adopt. Ensuring the groups survival by taking on the responsibility of an infant even if the infant is not their own, because of an absent mother for whatever the reason may be. Just knowing the bond and connection exists between other living species is phenomenal. Aristotle once said â€Å"In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous† and alloparenting is just one of the many wonders nature has bestowed among us.

Risk Factors for Congestive Heart Failure

Risk Factors for Congestive Heart Failure Congestive heart failure is a syndrome characterized by the inability of the heart to pump enough blood and oxygen to meet the bodies energy needs, an also blood supply. Due to the inefficient pumping associated with heart failure, it then causes a backup of blood in the veins leading to the heart and causes the kidneys to retain fluid, thats when the body tissues start to swell. Heart failure can occur due to many causes such as, coronary heart disease, a heart valve disorder, a heart attack, or exposure to toxins, such as excessive alcohol use. In some people heart failure, will cause the heart muscle to weaken, and it wont pump as it should; in others, the heart failure will cause the heart muscle to become stiff, and between heartbeats the heart wont fill with enough blood. There are four main conditions that lead to heart diseases which causes heart failure, they are: congenital heart disease, heart attack and rheumatic heart disease. With coronary artery disease; a healthy coro nary artery opens, elastic, smooth, and slick. The walls expand and are very flexible to enable more blood through when the heart needs to work harder. The coronary artery disease over time makes an injury to the lining of the walls, making the injury of the arteries more susceptible, to atherosclerosis and the production of blood clots. Due to plaque buildup, it reduces blood flow, and narrows the arteries, so due to the narrowness blood clots will likely form. A heart attack is when the blood supply to the heart is slowed or stopped due to a blockage. Which refers to the coronary artery disease, the blockage happens due to the buildup of plaque. The congenital heart disease usually starts at birth. It is when the heart or the blood vessels near the heart are not normally developed before birth. Rheumatic heart disease describes a group of acute or chronic heart disorders that occurs when one has a rheumatic fever. When having this fever, a heart valve can become damaged. It is an inflammatory disease that can affect tissues of the body, especially the tissue within the heart, or the joint tissues, brain tissues, or skin tissues. The correlation of how all these coincide with each other are very evident, one triggers off another. The first, main symptom of heart failure is fatigue. As the conditions gets worse, shortness of breath, wheezing start occurring during exertion and while resting. If fluid accumulates in the legs, or ankles causing swelling, some sleep with elevated legs, and this makes breathing easier as well. A chronic cough can result as well due to the fluid in the legs. For those who are less active, a buildup of fluid can take place in the middle portion of the body, cause urination to take place excessively during the night, or a person can experience weight gain due to all the access fluid. For a heart attack symptoms, can include pain in the chest, neck, or jaw, sudden discomfort in the chest that doesnt subside over time, sweating, and difficulty breathing. Congenital artery disease has symptoms such as: heart murmurs, bluish tint to the skin, lips, or fingernails, and shortness of breath. Rheumatic heart disease includes excessive fatigue, heart palpitations, thumping in the chest, and s hortness of breath. As for coronary heart disease, it slows the flow of blood, and has a fatty buildup of plaque causing the slowness of blood. To be diagnosed with congestive heart failure, the doctor will review medical history, ask a series of questions such as the extent of how active one can be before the shortness of breath, and all other symptoms are happening, there will be an examination and the doctor will check vital signs, check the heart rate and rhythm, listen for aby abnormalities, press on skin of the ankles to check for swelling. An EKG, and x-ray will probably be done to check for any enlargement of the heart and to check for fluid in the lungs. For the four causes that lead to heart failure; coronary artery disease, heart attack, congenital heart disease, and rheumatic heart disease, it is same process, doctor will review medical history, ask a series of questions about the symptoms the patient is experiencing, listening to the heart. To diagnose heart disease, a coronary angiography is performed. It involves taking x-rays of the coronary arteries and the vessels that supply blood to the heart. An echocard iogram is used to record sound waves to create a picture of the hear; these waves show the shape, texture, and movement of the heart valves, and the size of the heart chambers and how well they are working. An EKG can be performed also to check to see how well the heart is functioning by measuring the electrical activity of the heart, it can detect abnormal heart rhythms that could have causes blood clots to form. Risk factors that associate with heart disease are obesity, excess weight increases the strain on the heart and increases the risk of developing heart disease, because obesity increases blood pressure, and blood cholesterol and then that can lead to diabetes. Hormone replacement therapy, some physicians believe it can prevent heart disease in women, but soon discovered it is harmful using the combined hormones who already have coronary artery disease. Stress and anger can cause heart disease. Scientist believe poor managed anger and stress can contribute to heart disease. Angina, which is chest pain which Is the main system of any coronary artery disease. To avoid heart failure, you must prevent heart disease, by eating healthy, controlling your blood pressure and cholesterol level, maintaining normal body weight, exercise regularly, and try not to smoke. The effects of the condition are the same. If you develop a heart disease, heart failure can come. If you develop congenital heart disease, you are born with it. If you are obese you can have it in early teen years. Mainly this occurs in ages 60+. Treatment available for heart failure is a lifelong condition but to reduce the symptoms and improving life span, the doctor may prescribe medication, and a low salt diet. There is no cure for heart disease, it is a condition that requires lifelong care. For medications, this is for people with moderate control of the disease, and they just make lifestyle changes, and take medications such as nitrates which that relieve chest pain, but it cant clear blocked arteries. There are other medications that help such as antiplatelet, ace inhibitors, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and nitrates. Surgery could be a treatment option, because it improves the blood flow to the heart muscle, it Is called Coronary Artery Bypass. Another one that can help is called counter pulsation, inflatable cuffs are placed on the legs and lower abdomen, and so when the heart relaxes the cuffs will inflate and then push the blood vessels of the heart. It is repeated over a series of days and the stimulates improved blood flow to the heart. For people experiencing a heart attack, there is no treatment, but they should seek medical help right away. Advances in medicine and the choice of having a halter lifestyle will decrees chances of death from heart disease. The outlook depends on the patients age, the severity of the heart failure, and heart disease. If it develops and has a treatable cause, some people can regain normal heart function after having treatment. Having treatment people still can enjoy a productive life. References http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/hhphealth/heart_failure/0?searchId=a0974ee4-08db-11e7-b7bc-12c1f5c39a71result=7 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/topic/congestive_heart_failure?searchId=a0974ee4-08db-11e7-b7bc-12c1f5c39a71 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/galegph/heart_disease/0?searchId=a0974ee4-08db-11e7-b7bc-12c1f5c39a71result=20 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/hupwh/congestive_heart_failure/0?searchId=27bd9f65-08e9-11e7-a9b8-0aea1e3b2a47result=0PHPSESSID=1umtuv34msp2lhp90kpcgagpn0 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/columency/congestive_heart_failure/0?searchId=27bd9f65-08e9-11e7-a9b8-0aea1e3b2a47result=1PHPSESSID=1umtuv34msp2lhp90kpcgagpn0